The One Best System to Use for Essay Topics for 7th Grade Students

The One Best System to Use for Essay Topics for 7th Grade Students Sometimes finding a topic may be one of the most difficult parts of writing an essay. Before actually beginning to compose your essay, you have to choose an issue to write about. Pay through PayPal or some other payment option available. Therefore, every paper must be written carefully. Welcome to stay in touch by means of your paper writer controlling everything. It is suggested to look for the one which has a great reputation and offers high-quality papers at economical prices. The crucial reason many writers fail is they don't go further. A conclusion is, undoubtedly, the most significant portion of the argumentative essay since you can either support the very good impression or destroy it entirely. Anyway, direct and indirect quotes are required to support your understanding of academic writing style. One of the most frequent reasons people start looking for assistance with essay writing is they realize they're running out of time. The Appeal of Essay Topics for 7th Grade Students For that reason, it's important to make them experience its different facets to enhance their knowledge. Fossil fuels ought to be mostly replaced by systems that use some type of renewable supply of energy. Learning There are many strategies and approaches to learning and grasping the exact materials. Any sphere and degree of complexity is going to be addressed successfully. Face to face communication was damaged beyond repair as a result of social networking. The ability to supply information in various contexts is necessary to effective communication. You don't have to supply somebody else's point of view instead write what you personally consider the circumstance or subject. Essay Topics for 7th Grade Students Help! Aim to make over half of what you say positive and enjoyable to obey. Give reasons why you believe your plan would get the job done. Explain why you think that your plan will do the job. Essay Topics for 7th Grade Students - the Conspiracy Well, you own a task to compose a 7th grade essay. Expository essays describe a procedure or offer factual details. Like every assignment, a descriptive essay has a certain intent. Get a complimentary plagiarism report together with your edit essay order. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. For this, you will need to perform a small questionnaire. It's a significant classroom management tool. You want to set up facts, possess the confidence and demonstrate the crystal clear evidence of your private viewpoint to certain phenomenon. Learning materials As people study, the correct collection of articles dramatically enhances the procedure. Make certain that you have gathered sufficient info to present your writing. Research-based topics require students to collect information till they write. Lies You've Been Told About Essay Topics for 7th Grade Students Compare and contrast essays are among the most usual kinds of papers that students might have to learn how to write, especially at the middle school and higher school levels. In addition, it depends upon the special college subject. You will receive more students engaged in reading if you're able to recommend books yourself. General information Students that are new to the topic of social studies must be ready for in-depth education at their initial lessons. Choir also provides opportunities for students to come up with team building and leadership abilities. Participation demands a 1 year commitment students won't be permitted to drop either band or orchestra when the year has started. Participation in concert performances outside normal class hours is needed. Computers and smartphones provide parental controls. Deciding on your topic isn't that easy. After you have the topic, answer the question and support your answer with three or more explanations for why you believe it. Anyway, below, you will find topic that are great for both situations. Describe something which you used to enjoy that at this point you find embarrassing. Describe something you wish to accomplish in your life. Each style differs in two ways. Think of your favourite place to eat.

Holden Salinger s The Catcher s The Rye - 898 Words

In The Catcher in the Rye, by J.D. Salinger, the main character and narrator Holden Caulfeild walks many different paths of life. He jumps around different aspects of his life throughout the book, showing the reader many different sides to himself. This theme is presented through the author’s technique in crafting the characterization and symbolism. J.D. Salinger develops a puzzle of a personality for Holden throughout the book, to show the complexity and multitude of sides to Holden’s character. One way that J.D. Salinger shows off a side of Holden is through the characterization. An aspect of Holden that Salinger creates is his school personality. Holden comes off as a protected person. At the very beginning of Catcher in the Rye, one of the first views of the narrator is a scene of him standing on top of a hill, looking down at one of the most important games of the season for his school’s team. In this passage, Holden is standing on top of a hill, next to a cannon, watching the school game below. This shows how Holden is protecting himself. His school is playing in one of the biggest games of the season, yet Holden is standing in a place where he can’t even view his side. When Holden refers to Pencey, he always uses third person phrases, like â€Å"them all† almost as if he doesn’t go to the school at all. He also refers to them in a very grouped way, instead of saying ‘them,’ he refers to the rest of the school as â€Å"all.â₠¬  This kind of language excludes himself as a part ofShow MoreRelatedHolden ´s Red Hunting Hat in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger652 Words   |  3 Pagesin the book, The Catcher in the Rye. The hat represents individuality and uniqueness. It symbolizes the confidence, self esteem, and comfort in who someone is. Holden is only willing to express himself when he is alone, with no one around. He looks for approval. Holden does not want to be seen negatively in any way. The hat is a symbol that Holden uses to tell Phoebe that she should always stay the same. Also, to tell her that she should be confident in whom she is, but, as Holden knows, ConfidenceRead MoreHolden Caulfield ´s Innocence and Purity in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger850 Words   |  4 PagesIn a society filled with impureness, Holden Caulfield searches for purity and innocence in everyone around him. Lonely, affectionate, and judgmental, Holden is the narrator and protagonist of The Catcher in the Rye. His actions and the way he acts reveals that Holden is very lonely, and is longing for human companionship. Holden is somewhat mature above his age, but still desires pleasures like any other teenage boy. After meeting people, Holden becomes very judgemental about the way people act.Read MoreMental Analysis on Holden Caulfield in J.D. Salinger ´s The Catcher in the Rye824 Words   |  4 PagesService Corporation) (The Numbers Count: Mental Disorders in America). J.D. Salinger’s novel, The Catcher in the Rye, provides the narrative of a young adult, Holden Caulfield, who I believe shows many symptoms of several different mental disorders. In this essay, I will be providing examples straight from The Catcher in the Rye that support my theory of Holden Caulfield’s lack of mental stability. Holden Caulfield demonstrates extreme and inconsistent behaviors throughout his narrative, describingRead More 1950s Culture Exposed in The Catcher in the Rye Essay1361 Words   |  6 Pages1950s Culture Exposed in The Catcher in the Rye    J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye is a remarkable book that gives readers a unique and perhaps gloomy perspective of the 1950s through Holden Caulfield, a cynical and peculiar teenager. Through The Catcher in the Rye Salinger describes important aspects of the 1950s. Salinger emphasizes several key characteristics of the 50s and criticizes them through Holden. In addition, Holden Caulfield is a very interesting character withRead More salinger Essay843 Words   |  4 Pages LIFE AND PHILOSOPHY OF J.D. SALINGER J.D. Salinger is one of the most renowned writers of his time. J. D. Salinger is most known for his controversial in the Catcher in the Rye. Salinger is also known for many of his writings such as Franney and Zooey, Nine Stories, and Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters. The summer of 1930 he was voted â€Å"The Most Popular Writer†. â€Å"Salinger is a beautifully deft, professional who gives us a chance to catch quick, half-amused, half-frightened glimpses ofRead MoreCriticism Of Salinger s The Rye1382 Words   |  6 PagesCRITICISM Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye has been into continuous dispute and controversy since its publication in 1951. Some critics think that Salinger s narrative of the human plight is engrossing and enlightening, yet incredibly depressing. The leading character, Holden Caulfield, serves as the basis for critical discussion due to his psychological conflict. Salinger s portrayal of Holden, which encloses incidents of dejection, nervous breakdown, impulsive spending, sexual exploration, andRead MoreTheme Of The Catcher In The Rye976 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger there are several different themes portrayed that widely relate to current issues of teenagers and adults alike. While reading the novel several different themes were revealed creating a deep and meaningful story line. Three themes viewed within the novel are; the phoniness of the adult world, alienation as a form of self-protection, and the painfulness of growing up. Each o f these themes have large significance in character and plot developmentRead MoreAnalysis Of Characters And Themes Of The Catcher Rye 1537 Words   |  7 Pages Analysis of Characters and Themes in The Catcher in the Rye J.D. Salinger was born in 1919 to a wealthy Manhattan family. He grew up in the same social conditions as Holden Caulfield does in The Catcher in the Rye. The last thing Salinger cared about was being a successful student because he was very lazy, without care for his responsibilities and tasks. Salinger flunked out of many prep schools, and his parents sent him to a military academy named Valley Forge in Pennsylvania, where he graduatedRead MoreThe Freedom Of Speech Through The First Amendment Essay1156 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the Bill of Rights, we are afforded the freedom of speech through the first amendment. But this awarding of freedom is only allowed if it goes along with what the general population deems â€Å"normal†. During the middle part of the 1900’s many books were banned on political, religious, and moral views. While our society has changed these issues are still prevalent in today’s public views and opinions of author’s work. These books are not â€Å"normal† and that is why they play an unprecedentedRead MoreJ.b. Salinger s A Perfect Day For Bananafish 1714 Words   |  7 PagesMatthew Silbernagel Ms. Clark English III 30 November 2015 J.D. Salinger her was born in New York City in 1919. He wrote in the post war time period where writers wrote mostly about aesthetic or social rather than political problems. J.D. Salinger is the son of a Jewish father and a Christian mother. After enrollment at both NYU and Columbia University he devoted himself to writing and by 1940 he had published some short stories. But his career as a writer was interrupted by World War II

Analysis Of The Poem Summer By Josiah Conder - 900 Words

Summer by Josiah Conder , is describe as an a completely opposite Summer than the one everyone is familiar with. When thinking of the summer, thoughts of heat, vacation, and fun are usually associated with it. Conder describes the Summer as being a miserable time, where the skies are gray and gloomy. The sonnet itself is English/Shakespearean model which makes it easier for Conder to express different ideas in each quatrain but still relate them. Also Conder was a poet during the Romantic era where any feeling could be expressed towards anything. And that is what Conder does when describing the Summer. In the poem the speaker is having a conversation with no one , while they describe the Summer. Conder uses diction, imagery, alliteration and metaphor to help convey the idea that the Summer is not as fun and appealing. Throughout various lines in the poem Conder chooses very specific words to use throughout the poem. In the second line of the first quatrain of the poem while describ ing the sky. The speaker says â€Å"The pale grey skies/ A sort of dull and dubious and lustre†(1-2). The words â€Å"dubious† and â€Å"lustre† give a connotation of doubtful and shine. The speaker is describing the sky as of having a boring and doubtful glow or shine in the grey sky. Continuing in the third and fourth line of the first quatrain the speaker says â€Å"Nature lies/ Slumbering and gazing on me in her sleep† (3-4). The word slumbering has a connotation of sleeping. So what the speaker is saying in

Third World Country Essay - 893 Words

A Third World Country is a term used for developing countries, and least developed countries. These countries are economically underdeveloped. Characteristics of a third world country are poverty, agriculture economy, disease, high birth and infant mortality rates, over-population, poor infrastructure, unstable governments, poor health care, environmental problems, non educated people, starvation, and death. Those characteristics are the first thing that comes to someone’s mind about a third world country. Most third world countries are located in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. The populations of third world countries are generally very poor but with high birth rates. In general they are not as industrialized or technologically†¦show more content†¦Third world social indicators deal with the population of people, what the people live in, life expectancy and etc.. The population of a third world city is tremendous overpopulation. There are more people that a city can handle. The life expectancy of a person in a third world city is very young deaths. The people here are not educated. The education can help if people where taught about contraceptives to help control the population. The health care of these cities is a joke! They are not advanced with technology and again education is involved to know what to do for an ill person. The infant mortality in these cities are gigantic, this means the baby doesn’t live past one year old. The birth rate is also sky rocketing because families want more children so they can help with work around the house. There also is not enough food and water to feed all these people, let alone water to use to grow food! People in third world cities live in mostly huts, these people are the real poor ones that still live in a rural city. The urban city is not much better there foundations of buildings are bad and could collapse. Also transportation is very poor in the urban areas. Economic indicators are the country/ city economic well being. The third world technology is less advanced for these nations of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. These nations are characterized as poor, having economies depend on the export of primary products toShow MoreRelatedThe Debt Of The Third World Countries942 Words   |  4 Pagesit possible for the first world countries to forgive the debt of the third world countries? It is possible if the first world countries can afford to lose money and resources to help other countries. If the first world countries do not cancel the debt then the third world countries debt and loans is going to increase. It going to cause the value of the money currencies to drop and the cost of the debt is going to rise. The debt is also causing the third world countries to delay from increasing theirRead MoreChild Labor in Third World Countries Essay475 Words   |  2 Pages Child labour is the employment of children as money earners. It became a serious social problem in the Industrial Revolution in Britain during the 1700s, and the problem spread to other countries as they became industrialized. The problem arose when children, many below the age of 10, were employed by factories and mines. The youths were forced to work long hours under dangerous and unhealthy conditions, and their wages were very small. Child workers were often deprived of the chance to attendRead MoreNike and What It Does to Third World Countrys1726 Words   |  7 Pagesbenefit from ease of monitoring, skilled workforce, government stability, job creation, and well understood labour rules, while suffering from the relatively high wages required in the U.S. as compared to developing countries. By manufacturing products overseas, in particular in third world economies, tremendous efficiencies are gained in the form of reduced wages, but are countered by the increased difficulty of monitoring the quality of their products and the actual working condi tions in the factoriesRead MoreForeign Aids And The Third World Developing Countries Essay3098 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction: As a developing countries Bangladesh can not meet its all demand by own economic ability so it takes foreign aid for implementing its development purposes. It has got foreign aid for its several development issues like Jamuna and Padma Bridge. Not only structural development is implemented by foreign aid but also several long term policy and projects are done by it. But the effectiveness of foreign aids to the third world developing countries like Bangladesh is a controversial issueRead MoreLeading Health Problems in Third World Countries: Tuberculosis933 Words   |  4 PagesOften times, people in third world countries face health problems that are not experienced in first and second world countries. Diseases that do not exist in the countries such as the US anymore are still some of the leading problems in poor nations. Professor Susan Craddock from the department of Gender, Woman and Sexuality studies gave a presentation that focused on Tuberculosis, which is falls into a catego ry of diseases called â€Å"neglected diseases†. They are called neglected because the developmentRead MoreVisiting a Third World Country and My Experience There Essay530 Words   |  3 Pageswas little, I heard stories of Third World countries where people lived in complete poverty. I would hear of how they had dilapidated domiciles, contaminated water, deadly diseases, and shortages of food. I was always told how blessed I was to live in a country where I was free of these situations, but I always took this truth for granted. I would go along every day, not worrying about where I was going to sleep or what I was going to eat, when people all over the world were facing these situationsRead More The Future of Africa: Third World Countries Falling Further Behind869 Words   |  4 PagesAfrica: Third World Countries Falling Further Behind Rory J. OConnors article uses Africa as an example to show how third world countries react to the developing technology of this time. Africa, once called, the dark continent because of its inaccessibility to physical explorations by Westerners is still inaccessible today, both by residents and outsiders via the virtual world. (270) All the advances in technology and more to come in the future will continue to separate countries, like AfricaRead MoreThroughout the world millions of laborers and children in Third World Countries work in sweatshops.600 Words   |  3 PagesThroughout the world millions of laborers and children in Third World Countries work in sweatshops. In these facilities workers are abused, underpaid, and cramped into unsanitary working conditions full of disease and death. Nonetheless, workers cannot abandon the sweatshops they work in, because they fear their families would starve. If fired they could easily be replaced by another readily worker; that is why worke rs dont oppose their employers injustices, because they fear becoming unemployedRead MoreHow Imf Has Assisted in the Underdevelopment of Third World Countries3678 Words   |  15 Pagessystem and provides loans to developing country member-states with balance-of-payments problems. (www.IMF.com) History of IMF The IMF was established in 1945, having first been conceived at the Bretton Woods Conference in New Hampshire, USA in 1944. That conference saw representatives from forty four allied nations gather to craft new rules and institutions to regulate the chaotic global economy – blamed for the Great Depression and for helping cause two World Wars. The outcome was the Bretton WoodsRead MoreThird world was/ is used to describe countries whose government did not take sides in the cold war.600 Words   |  3 PagesThird world was/ is used to describe countries whose government did not take sides in the cold war. It emerged out of anti – colonial nationalism activities and was used to replace the east – west conflict with the north – south conflict. All the countries deemed as third world has had a history of colonial rule, most were exploited through colonialism, imperialism, neo colonialism etc. while the third world countries were annexed and had direct government of a first country through colonialism;

Communication for Socioeconomic Factors on Poverty- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCommunication for Socioeconomic Factors on Poverty. Answer: Introduction Poverty is the worst element of any nation which slowly and silently kills the country and its ladders of success and development. Poverty can be explained as a state where the individuals or the masses are deprived from their fundamental rights and necessities of life. In the present age of globalisation, it is one of the most concerned and severe issue that setbacks the development and growth of the countries (Hallegatte, et al., 2016). There is a strong need of resilience as resilience is considered as a multi-faced phenomenon which comprises of the environmental as well as several personal factors which have an interaction in a way of forming synergy to produce ability and competence farther than adversity. It is the competence to enhance the level of skills and thrive hard to face the adverse situations with strong strength of mind. There are several factors such as geographic or socio-economic factors that play a significant role that have a direct impact upon poverty and which emphasis the people living under poverty line to be resilience (Bn, et al., 2014). The paper will discuss the geographic and socio-economic factor in context with their role in poverty and poor people resilience. Impact of physical/geographical factors and socioeconomic factors on poverty and emphasizing poor people to be resilience There are hundreds of thousands of people that live below poverty line and face high level of stress and poor living conditions. There are various adversities such as abuse, hunger, violence, death, etc which are experienced by these groups of individuals. But there is a need to develop resilience and become resilient to such conditions for facing these adverse circumstances with utmost competence so that such conditions do not impact the probability of these individuals to overcome these situations and have an improved and sustainable livelihood (Sanders, Lim and Sohn, 2008). There are geographic/personal and socio-economic factors which impacts poverty in a deeper sense and thus force the poor people to be resilient. There are various geographic factors that play a vital role in impacting the poverty conditions in any country. The first and key geographical factor is climate change. It is one of the most severe risks in the aspect of reduction of poverty (Setboonsarng, 2015). The negative impacts of climate change are extremely evident; the countries are vulnerable to natural disasters comprising droughts, floods, earthquakes, etc. (Hallegatte, et al., 2015). The phenomenon of climate change is global in nature but the major negative impacts are posed upon the poor nations and poor people only. Due to increased dependence upon the natural resources and their restricted competence to cope up with such climatic conditions and variability, the developing countries are more vulnerable to such climatic changes (Roy, et al., 2016). One major example of the negative impacts if these climate change is of the pacific Islands as they are becoming highly vulnerable to the climatic conditions due to continuo usly increasing developing infrastructure, urbanization, degradation of coastal systems and squatter settlements (Seaman, et al., 2014). The geographical factor of climate change has direct impact on poverty which further has its correlation with resilience. Because of the negative impacts of the climate change on poor people, it is essential to have an adaptation approach. The more adaptive the poor people will be towards the vulnerability of these climate changes, the better will be for them to become resilient (Bn, et al., 2014). There are number of ways which are found by these poor people to overcome the negative impacts of such factors such as they tend to increase the prices of their crops to manage the less production due to insufficiency of rains (Tanner, et al., 2015). Other ways ate that people who have their dependence on agriculture grow those crops and have their dependence on such farm products which can easily be produce without getting impacted by these climate vari ation and resulting in be more resilience to such changes. The second geographical factor which impacts poverty is the density of population. The density of population can be understood as the ratio of individuals to any land area. With the density of population, it can also be easily determine the graph of poverty of that region (Dang, Lanjouw and Swinkels, 2017). Usually, it is analyzed that the highly or densely populated regions marks a red when it comes to the poverty aspect. Because of the increased number of people at a specific land area decreases the number of resources to be utilized by those individuals and thus scarcity of resources takes place (Estrada, 2013). Because of limited job opportunities, limited availability of resources as well as other limited products, there is tend to increase the number if people started living under the poverty line due to inability to access to these limited resources (Lakhan, 2015). The very common example of poverty because of density of population is India. As per the data revealed by World B ank, it is identified atht the maximum number of poor people or people living under poverty line are in India and the key areas where there is presence of high number of poor people re those areas which are densely populated (Businesstoday, 2016). Thus, it is evident that density of population is one of the key aspects of increasing poverty. The geographical factor of density of population has direct impact on poverty which further has its correlation with resilience. Because of the negative impacts of the density of population on poor people, it is essential to have a collaborative and shared approach (Leichenko, 2011). The poop people usually have a more sharing approach with the other people of their groups which help them to cope up with the situation of scarcity of the resources and limited materials because of high population. But there develops resilience by these poor people to live up in such circumstances by sharing and having even distribution of land, resources and jobs (Akter and Mallick, 2013). This is one of the ways they overcome such circumstances and manage living under poverty line. There are various socioeconomic factors that play a vital role in impacting the poverty conditions in any country. The first and key socioeconomic factor is lack of access to education. For any developing and developed economy, education is one of the most essential elements as well as the relevant education is of high importance (Bhalla and Lapeyre, 2016). The people living below poverty line are deprived of the educational facilities and thus there is a lack of access to education. The key example of this is that in several developing nations, there are still hundreds of villages and rural areas where the right to education is restricted (Acemoglu and Robinson, 2013). Because of the lack of access to education, the masses are not able to study and get qualified and thus there is increased level of unemployment in the developing countries. The socioeconomic factor of lack of access to education has a direct impact on poverty which further has its correlation with resilience (Reardon , 2015). There is a need to develop resilience by the poor people to overcome the impact of these factors and thus for this, the people living below poverty line have their dependence upon the government education as well as educational facilities offered by several non-government organisations (Bn, et al., 2011). The poor people are forced to be resilience by getting qualified from taking education from these institutes. These people try to take more of vocational as well as technical trainings instead of bookish knowledge so that they can effectively use these training in their farming and other employment aspects. The knowledge gained by these institutes and government education centres, there is a way to resilience the poverty related issues and attain an improved livelihood (Yeh, et al., 2008). The second socioeconomic factor that plays a vital role in impacting the poverty conditions in any country is the limited availability of the resources. The situational deprivation and natural deprivation of the natural resources leads to extreme poverty conditions in any country (Tyler, 2014). The limited resources results in deprived opportunities for employment and push the masses towards the line of poverty (Blaikie, et al., 2014). There are wide examples of the regions that are suffering from poverty because of the limited availability of the natural resources such as the east and North America are such places where demand is high but availability of the resources are less which ultimately gives rise to poverty (Bergstrom and Randall, 2016). The socioeconomic factor of limited availability of the resources has a direct impact on poverty which further has its correlation with resilience (Loayza, Mier y Teran and Rigolini, 2013). The poor people are forced to be resilient because of the negative impacts posed of these limited availability of these natural resources. The poor people develop resilience by taking complete utilisation of these limited resources only so that they can meet their needs and demands. The poor people try to take extract utmost economic benefit from these limited resources. It is a way to manage the poverty conditions by the poor people to leave no scope for increasing poverty by under-utilising these limited natural resources (Abelev, 2009). Thus, it can be analysed that the negative impacts posed by the socioeconomic factors on poverty results in posing emphasis on the poor people to be resilience and try to cope up with the challenges of poverty and try to overcome the present circumstances (Bn, et al., 2014). Conclusion The issues and challenges of poverty are considered as a big threat to the economic development of the nations. There are no rooms left with the developing countries for overcoming the challenges posed by poverty. The report concluded that there are basically the geographical/personal and socioeconomic factors which impacts on poverty. Under the geographical factor, the climate change and density of population are the two major factors which can directly result in rise of poverty in the nations. From the socioeconomic factors, the lack of success to education and availability of limited resources also results in upsurge level of masses living below poverty line. From the overall analysis and evaluating the correlation between poverty and resilience, it can also be conclude that the impacts imposed by these factors also force the poor people to be a resilient and try diverse ways to overcome the unfavourable circumstances and come up with diverse solution to manage getting a sustainab le livelihood. The conditions de eloped due to poverty also develops the poor people as resilient who can manage their living and have dome of the other way to cope up. Thus, it can stated that the resilience aspect of the poor people will help them to cross the poverty line and have a good living standard with adequate access to the basic necessities and other facilities necessary for sustainable livelihood. References Abelev, M. S. (2009). Advancing out of poverty: Social class worldview and its relation to resilience.Journal of Adolescent Research,24(1), 114-141. Acemoglu, D., Robinson, J. A. (2013).Why nations fail: The origins of power, prosperity, and poverty. Crown Business. Akter, S., Mallick, B. (2013). The povertyvulnerabilityresilience nexus: Evidence from Bangladesh.Ecological Economics,96, 114-124. Bn, C., Evans, L., Mills, D., Ovie, S., Raji, A., Tafida, A., ... Andrew, N. (2011). Testing resilience thinking in a poverty context: experience from the Niger River basin.Global Environmental Change,21(4), 1173-1184. Bn, C., Newsham, A., Davies, M., Ulrichs, M., Godfrey?Wood, R. (2014). Resilience, poverty and development.Journal of International Development,26(5), 598-623. Bergstrom, J. C., Randall, A. (2016).Resource economics: an economic approach to natural resource and environmental policy. Edward Elgar Publishing. Bhalla, A. S., Lapeyre, F. (2016).Poverty and exclusion in a global world. Springer. Blaikie, P., Cannon, T., Davis, I., Wisner, B. (2014).At risk: natural hazards, people's vulnerability and disasters. Routledge. Businesstoday, (2016). India has highest number of people living below poverty line: World Bank, Retrieved on: 21st September, 2017, Retrieved from: https://www.businesstoday.in/current/economy-politics/india-has-highest-number-of-people-living-below-poverty-line-world-bank/story/238085.html Dang, H. A. H., Lanjouw, P. F., Swinkels, R. (2017). Who Remained in Poverty, Who Moved Up, and Who Fell Down?.Poverty Reduction in the Course of African Development, 183. Estrada, A. (2013). Socioeconomic contexts of primate conservation: population, poverty, global economic demands, and sustainable land use.American journal of primatology,75(1), 30-45. Hallegatte, S., Bangalore, M., Fay, M., Kane, T., Bonzanigo, L. (2015).Shock waves: managing the impacts of climate change on poverty. World Bank Publications. Hallegatte, S., Vogt-Schilb, A., Bangalore, M., Rozenberg, J. (2016).Unbreakable: building the resilience of the poor in the face of natural disasters. World Bank Publications. Lakhan, G. R. (2015). Population and Environment Relationship a Theoretical Consideration.Population and Environment,5(9). Leichenko, R. (2011). Climate change and urban resilience.Current opinion in environmental sustainability,3(3), 164-168. Loayza, N., Mier y Teran, A., Rigolini, J. (2013). Poverty, inequality, and the local natural resource curse. Reardon, S. (2015). Poverty shrinks brains from birth.Nature,30. Roy, M., Cawood, S., Hulme, D., Hordijk, M. (Eds.). (2016).Urban poverty and climate change: life in the slums of Asia, Africa and Latin America. Routledge. Sanders, A. E., Lim, S., Sohn, W. (2008). Resilience to urban poverty: theoretical and empirical considerations for population health.American Journal of Public Health,98(6), 1101-1106. Seaman, J. A., Sawdon, G. E., Acidri, J., Petty, C. (2014). The Household Economy Approach. Managing the impact of climate change on poverty and food security in developing countries.Climate risk management,4, 59-68. Setboonsarng, S. (2015). Chapter Organic Agriculture, Poverty Reduction, Climate Change, and the Millennium Development Goals.ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AND, 3. Tanner, T., Lewis, D., Wrathall, D., Bronen, R., Cradock-Henry, N., Huq, S., ... Alaniz, R. (2015). Livelihood resilience in the face of climate change.Nature Climate Change,5(1), 23. Tyler, S. R. (2014).Comanagement of natural resources: Local learning for poverty reduction. IDRC. Yeh, C. J., Kim, A. B., Pituc, S. T., Atkins, M. (2008). Poverty, loss, and resilience: The story of Chinese immigrant youth.Journal of Counseling Psychology,55(1), 34.

The challenges and Opportunities of Social Media Free-Samples

Question: Discuss about th Business Research Method And Research Proposal. Answer: Introduction Social network is a structure that is designed for use by individuals, groups or business enterprises to help them develop relationships or interact with each other. The social network an idea that was developed by two scientists (Emile Durkheim and Ferdinand Tonnies) as they were doing a research on social groups in the 1890s. The two researchers discovered there was a way people would relate with each other even while they were miles apart. This is how they came up with the idea of social networking which later grew and developed into a much better theory and then became practical idea after many years of perfection. Often, they social network structure consists of many different sites that help people or businesses relate in different ways. Some of the social networking sites include the following: twitter, Facebook, Instagram, Vibe, Pinterest, Youtube, LinkedIn, Google, Ask.fm, Vine, WhatsApp and Snapchat among others. The social network help individuals who have the same social interests, beliefs, career interests, backgrounds, personal commitments or interests and real-life connections to create a good relationship with each other. Through the social network they are able to interact, share opinions and ideas on those issues of life (Michaelidou et al, 2011). As for the business enterprise case, social network can help them market their products or services, advertise their products on different sites, promote their products or services, conduct job vacancy adverts and also hire qualified employees after the evaluating potential employees to name just but a few things (Trainor et al, 2014). In addition to that, through the use of social networking, the businesses can be able to get customer feedbacks, create its own website or portal to help it run its operations as well as improve its personal identity to the public. Nowadays, social networking has become one of the most used method of contact especially between people who live far away from one another. The social network help people keep in touch with each other (Trusov et al, 2009). As for the businesses, the social network helps them keep in touch with their customers, market analysts, raw material suppliers, transporters and distributors, financiers, editors among other people who may be involved with the business operations and success. In this research I am going to focus on social network and the advantages and disadvantages that come in handy especially when used by businesses. In addition to that, I will concentrate on Unilever Company as the business of my reference and apply the idea of social network in its operations and how it affects the operations. Social Networking Service Requirements Every social networking site requires certain requirements. However, there are some feature that are common to every social networking site which include the following: Internet access This is a world-wide system that interconnects computer networks by use of internet protocol (IP) or transmission protocol control (TCP) to enable communication, information sharing and human interaction. It is one of the most fundamental aspects that a business needs to be able to access any social networking site. This is termed as the key to social networks. This is simply because all the applications of any social networking services or sites are internet based. Therefore, every computer must have internet access for it to connect to any social networking sites. Computers and software One cannot access the social network without a computer or any device that can serve the purpose of a computer. For instance, one can use mobile prone, tablets, iPads to name a few. These are devices that can be able to access the internet as well. User profile This relates to the features or characteristics of the user. This can be either personal information, formal information, beliefs, interests, likes and dislikes, career interests, background data to name just but a few. This information is used to identify the user of the social network. Additionally, it is used by the social network managers to manage and control the whole process of accessing the networking site. Other feature that are necessary include the user passwords or pins, the websites URL or link, operational skills or knowledge among other things. Social Networks Sites They can also be referred to as social media sites. No matter how many the sites are in the world, there are some that are not very well known or popular to the public. Therefore, I am going to discuss the most famous and popular ones that are frequently used by businesses especially Unilever Company. Facebook It is the site that carries the largest number of users. It was established in the 2004 and carries about 1.6 billion active users on a daily bases. This means that is the most frequently used site for both business and individuals who would want to keep in touch. Apparently, a large number of big and small business have a Facebook account where they relate and interact with their consumers as well as keep in touch with their potential and current investors; e.g. Unilever. Twitter It is the second largest and used sites in the world. It is being used by about 320 million businesses and people in their daily life operations. The site is said to be limiting the number of characters to use in either a tweet or advert but this does not seem to limit people into using it. Therefore, despite the fact that it limits the members words to 140 characters, many business have been using it for advertisements, keep in touch with customers and other people connected to the business and its success; apparently Unilever has a twitter account that it uses to update the public of its products and services. Linked in It is a site that specializes on career development and professional networking. It is site whereby people get to advertise job vacancies, business developments and potential employees get to look for jobs. Different industries use this site because they can get in touch with possible qualified employees with ease as well as get in touch with other industries. Youtube It is the largest, most popular and most famous site that deals with videos and audios. It helps businesses advertise its products or services, communicate with its the public but through the use of videos or audios. Instagram It is site that is officially owned by Facebook that allows businesses and individuals to post things or issues they would want to be known by the public. Businesses use this site to post their products, product development information and new products among other things. Basically, it is used as an advertising site for businesses. Other sites include: Pinterest, Tumblr, Snapchat, WhatsApp, Vine, Viber, StumleUpon to name just but a few. They may not be very popular or famous, but are still used by some business who know how to benefit from them. Advantages of Using Social Networks in Businesses Cost effective Most of the social media sites are usually free to access. This means that businesses have to incur zero costs to create its profile and post any information in the site. Therefore, many businesses use this fact to do most of their advertisement, researches or markets, consumer related issues among other things. Fast in spreading the information When a business posts any information in a social media, the possibility of the information being seen and accessed by many people is very high. This is simply because the social media sites are always functional and always have users online. Also, the users who see and access the information are likely going to show it to other people. Research purposes Social networks like Facebook, LinkedIn and Youtube are used by most businesses for research purposes. Businesses are able to post their product or service development as well as technology changes and other businesses use this information in their research analysis. In addition to that, they use these site do its market research and discover its market position (Bertot et al, 2010). For instance, close competitors are always conducting market research to be able to know the progress of their competitors. Therefore, this is information that can be available in the social media sites and so can be very useful for such analysis. Improve customer relations Through social networks business are capable of interacting with their customers ate different parts of the world (Waters et al, 2009). Many business have their websites on Google and have created accounts on sites like Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter and Instagram among others. Some businesses have also created customer profile accounts where customers can log in and buy or leave a comment for the business. Therefore, businesses are able to respond to those comments or complaints which is a better way of creating good relations with the customers. Also, through the advertisements made in the social networking sites, the business are able to update the customers on their product or service development or any other new information related to the business. Conduct online sales Some businesses use social networking sites to make sales. The business usually have an online sale account especially on Google where customers can make their purchases directly from the business. This is an easy way to make sales because the business does not need to convince the customer to purchase the product but rather leaves the customer to make a choice for themselves (Heller et al, 2011). In addition to that, the customers get a chance to have the product delivered at whatever destination they desire. In some countries, Unilever Company has conducted online sales through the use of their online site. Conduct customer reviews Also, after the sale, customers have an opportunity to review the product or service which is usually very important information for the business. This is so because the customer reviews are mostly used to develop and improve the quality of the product in case it does not the best consumer standard. Unilever is able to review and analyze the customer reviews and comments. They often use this information to improve its products to fit the customers desire and satisfaction. Helps in marketing and advertisement The most reliable and effective way to advertise and market a business and its product or service is through the use of social networking. The social networking sites are accessed by more than half the worlds population which means that the advertisements will probably be seen by that number of people (Park et al, 2009). Business are able to make advertisement in almost all sites but especially Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter, Youtube and Instagram. A business like Unilever certainly used twitter and Facebook for its advertisements. Other advantages of using social networking for businesses include the following: new customer attraction, businesses are able to connect with each other, enables real-time information sharing for businesses especially technology development aspects, increases customer brand loyalty, cheap than other means of advertising to name just but a few aspects. Disadvantages of Using Social Network in Businesses Time consuming It may sound easy and simple when it comes to using social media but for businesses it is not. Creating a profile for a business takes time and effort (Kaplan et al, 2010). This means this responsibility should be carried by a professional who knows the business and its product or service from the inside out. Also they should be able to give the best physical information that will be able to attract people into accessing the company website. Therefore, this means that the social media is not completely free but involves a lot of time and money investment before it is completely functional. For instance, Unilever being a large developed and international company will have to invest a lot of effort in creating a profile for itself which is supposed to cover all the aspects of the company. Lack of customer feedback control This happens mostly to businesses that use online selling or advertisements. When a customer purchases a product online, the probability of giving a comment on the company or product website is very high. Some customers usually leave criticisms and negative comments about the product or service which can be seen by anyone who views the company site. Therefore, this information can certainly scare away new potential customers who may want to have the businesss products. In addition to that, this information cannot be controlled by the business and therefore can cause great loss to the product sales and business identity. Mainly attracts current product users Social network advertising and selling can be somehow limiting for businesses and products. Apparently, customers that have purchased or viewed a business website or advertisement are the ones that mostly use the social media information. Also, if a customer was able to receive the desired and expected satisfaction from a product they bought online, the probability of them going back to purchase the same product or another one from the business is very high (Jussila et al, 2014). This is because they hope to get the same satisfaction from the one they are currently using which is fact that makes them try other products. E.g. Unilever Company product users are the only people who can use the companys products time after time. This is simply because they will have an idea of what the products or services are and how beneficial they are. Lack of privacy Businesses that use social media have their own accounts with their information put out for public display; e.g. in Google where businesses have Wikipedia display their information and ownership of other personal sites. In this case, businesses may have revealed important or vital information that can cause harm to its operations or its customers. This may include information like profits made, negative issues regarding products, problems facing the business, to name a few (Ngai et al, 2015). Furthermore, this information (especially business weaknesses and problems) can be used by the business competitors to develop themselves and therefore beat them in the market or industry. For instance, Unilever Companys information can be used by competitor like PG to improve its markets and therefore increase its market share. Other possible disadvantages include the following issues: can be ineffective at time especially when a business tries to push ales without involving customers, may cause difficulties when quantifying the returns on such investment, potential platform for business embarrassment and critics, possible business or product bullying, possibility of fraud and theft of information among others. Conclusion Social networking is one of most popular way for people and businesses to interact with each other. Nowadays, a good number of businesses are using social networking to achieve its goals and objectives therefore success. Through social networking businesses are able to do a lot of operations and activities especially in regions that are very far apart. The most important of all the benefits is communication improvement. Also, the fact the advantages of using social network sites are more than the disadvantages means that social media is one of the necessary tools that a business can use to achieve its success. In addition to that it can be used by both the small business enterprise and very large and developed companies simply because they all benefit from it. Therefore, even if social networking for businesses can be beneficial, the businesses involved should also take care of what they display to the public since it can cause problems on any party, either employees, customers, inve stors, potential customers or the business itself. References Kaplan, A. M., Haenlein, M. (2010). Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media.Business horizons,53(1), 59-68. Bertot, J. C., Jaeger, P. T., Grimes, J. M. (2010). 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Heller Baird, C., Parasnis, G. (2011). From social media to social customer relationship management.Strategy leadership,39(5), 30-37. Trusov, M., Bucklin, R. E., Pauwels, K. (2009). Effects of word-of-mouth versus traditional marketing: findings from an internet social networking site.Journal of marketing,73(5), 90-102. Waters, R. D., Burnett, E., Lamm, A., Lucas, J. (2009). Engaging stakeholders through social networking: How nonprofit organizations are using Facebook.Public relations review,35(2), 102-106. Trainor, K. J., Andzulis, J. M., Rapp, A., Agnihotri, R. (2014). Social media technology usage and customer relationship performance: A capabilities-based examination of social CRM.Journal of Business Research,67(6), 1201-1208. Ngai, E. W., Tao, S. S., Moon, K. K. (2015). Social media research: Theories, constructs, and conceptual frameworks.International Journal of Information Management,35(1), 33-44. Tsimonis, G., Dimitriadis, S. (2014). 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Kiss The Hype Essays - Kiss, Wicked Lester, Peter Criss,

Kiss The Hype What is hype? Hype is defined as promotional publicity of an extravagant or contrived kind. It is used to lure the consumer to a certain product or an event of some kind. The competition for the consumer's attention is intense and even desperate at times. Throughout the 1970's, there was a vast machinery of hype surrounding the music industry. Some of what came out of it was original and imaginative, but some was deceptive and outrageous. Whatever it was, it was all aimed at the consumer. The rock group Kiss has been performing for over twenty-six years. In that time, they have sold over ninety million albums, amassed legions of fans, and sold out stadiums around the world. There is a reason for the extraordinary success of Kiss. It has something to do with their music, but it has more to do with the way they are hyped and packaged. So lets unwrap that package. In 1972, Gene Simmons was a sixth grade school teacher in New York City. With guitarist Paul Stanley, he formed a band called Wicked Lester that played in small clubs and bars around New York. That band quickly failed. "Wicked Lester just wasn't the deadly rock n' roll assault squad they had always wanted" (Kitts 12). But Simmons and Stanley felt they could and would become stars. They invested in some large equipment and decided to start a major rock band. From the hordes of drummers, they chose Peter Criss, who had been advertising himself in New York newspapers. They auditioned over thirty guitarists and cho se Ace Frehley, who had been delivering liquor for a living. The band was formed and now came the time to sell it. The key step was to persuade Bill Aucoin, director of the television show Flipside, to take over the management of the band. Kiss emphasized style over substance and went heavy on trappings. Makeup came first. It set them apart from everyone else and gave them an aura of mystery. Each member developed his own alter ego. It was the first of many Kiss gimmicks that worked. The costumes came next, complete with black leather, aluminum studs, and seven-inch platform heels. They never allowed themselves to be photographed out of character. "The hype was self-perpetuating. The more Kiss's identities were shielded, the more interest there was in trying to photograph them" (Lendt 40). By 1978, Kiss was the highest grossing live act in the world. Their concerts became main attractions for millions of people. Kiss's formula for success was simple: hit the audience so hard, with a barrage of gimmicks, stunts, and theatrics, that they will not be able to forget you. Everything was intended to project power. The double s's at the end of the Kiss logo were designed to look like lightening bolts. The stage was equipped with drum risers, platforms, and a towering electric sign with a gigantic lit up Kiss logo. A high point, or "hype" point, in the show came when Gene Simmons, the demon, would breathe fire. Another "hype" point would come when Simmons vomited blood. For Kiss, their concerts were the best commercials for their albums. Kiss had to make their way in the 1970's without the help of radio. There were virtually no stations in the country that would play their music. Instead, they promoted themselves in other ways. They permitted no promotional possibility to slip away. Kiss sold t-shirts, hats, belt buckles, puzzles, dolls, jackets, pictures, posters, comic books, and virtually any and everything they could put their logo on. "In some ways it epitomized just how big and different we were that a lot of other bands" (Stanley, Kiss Extreme Close-up). They used all of this promotion to sell records. In the music business, this sort of thing is called, not without reason, exploitation. Kiss is one of the best examples of hype in the music industry. Without their image, along with the package, they might not have ever made it out of the clubs and bars. Few imitators have attempted to copy or adapt the Kiss formula's obvious appeal, and certainly none have surpassed Kiss's success at capitalizing on that formula. In time, Kiss may one day be permanently

Vygotsky and Piaget Pedagogy Essay Example

Vygotsky and Piaget Pedagogy Essay Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and Len Vygotsky’s sociocultural perspective have played critical roles in educational psychology. Both of these major frameworks will be analyzed and compared. From these two different standpoints, it will be illustated how a particular concept or cognitive skill can be taught. Russian psychologist Len Semenovich Vygotsky (1896-1934) was a fundamental figure in the exploration of â€Å"the sociocultural theory. † His ideas played crucial roles in the pedagogical framework of children and education. Thoroughly, he examined the sociocultural theory which emphasizes the role in development of cooperative dialogues between children and more knowledgeable members of society. Children learn their culture (ways of thinking and behaving) through these interactions (Berk Winsler 19). Vygotsky believed that our mental structures and processes can be traced back to our interactions with others (Berk Winsler 12-15). Social interactions not only have an influence on our cognitive development, they actually create our cognitive structures and thinking process (Woolfolk 39). During shared activities between the child and another person, higher mental processes are first co-constructed. This is a social process in which people interact and negotiate (usually verbally) to create an understanding or solve a problem (Woolfolk 39). The processes are then internalized by the child and become part of the child’s cognitive development. The final product is shaped by all participants (Berk Winsler 15). For example (Tharp Gallimore 14): A six-year-old has lost a toy and asks her father for help. The father asks her where she last saw the toy; the child says â€Å"I can’t remember. He asks a series of questions- did you have it in your room? Outside? Next door? To each question, the child answers, â€Å"no. † When he says â€Å"in the car? † She says â€Å"I think so† and goes to retrieve the toy. Vygotsky once stated that â€Å"ever function in a child’s development appears twice: first on the social level and then lat er on the individual level; first between people ‘interpsychological’ and then inside the child ‘intrapsychological’ (Berk Winsler 12. )† For instance, the strategy for finding the toy was initially co-constructed by both- the child and the adult. We will write a custom essay sample on Vygotsky and Piaget Pedagogy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Vygotsky and Piaget Pedagogy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Vygotsky and Piaget Pedagogy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The next time that child loses a toy it is probable that he/she may have internalized a strategy on how to find the toy (by recalling all the previous places that the toy was last seen). This adult guidance provides early support while students build the understanding necessary to solve problems (Woolfolk 59). Eventually the child will be capable of functioning independently in the process of problem solving. In this scenario, perhaps the child may be capable of finding the toy with no help the next time this problem arises. Vygotsky emphasized the importance of cultural tools, which enables the transfer of cognition from the social to the individual plane (Berk Winsler 21). Cultural tools include material tools such as: computers, scales Internet, rulers, ect. On the other hand, psychological tools include: symbol systems, numbers, language, graphs, maps, codes, languages, ect. These tools allow people in society to communicate, think, solve problems, and create knowledge (Woolfolk 41). These tools are used in daily activities by the child in formal and informal settings, with the help from an adult. An example of using a psychological tool to aid in the advancement of development would be the construction of a map. In this scenario, collaboration would occur between the child and the teacher on how to represent the concepts of people and spaces. In return, these co-constructed ideas are internalized within the child and development occurs. â€Å"Learning leads development (Wood 101). † These tools are fundamental in development because they support thinking, which results in the construction of the child’s understanding of the social and physical world (Berk Winsler 23). Vygotsky emphasized the tool of language as a critical factor in development. Initially, speech serves as a regulative communication function (Wood 29). In time, children develop language as the build on other cognitive abilities by trying to make sense in what they hear. Self talk guides the child’s cognitive thinking. This external tool slows down the thought process, allowing concepts, thoughts, or ideas to be more comprehensible- resulting in problem solving. It transforms the way children, learn, think, and understand (Wood 29). Vygotsky believed that thinking is radically transformed when children become capable of linguistic communication. â€Å"At the least, sounds, meanings, words and sequence of words, volume, voice tone, inflection, and turn-taking rule must all be coordinated before a child can communicate effectively in conversation (Woolfield 51). † Because a child’s self-directed talk aids in the thinking and problem solving process, it helps develops child’s self regulation. (Berk Winsler106-108) This is the process of activating and sustaining thoughts, behaviors, and emotions in order to reach goals (Woolfield 621). An example would be the â€Å"taking turn rule,† during a conversation. The child must sustain the behavior of talking while another person is talking in order to have a successful conversation. On the other hand, Swiss psychologist Jean Piaget (1896-1980) developed the theory of cognitive development, which is based on the assumption that people try to make sense of the world and actively create knowledge through direct experience with objects, people, and ideas (Wood 22). Unlike Vygotsky, Piaget believed that the individual construct their own understanding of the work. The child’s development first occurs on the individual level then on the social level. Because we are constantly trying to make sense of the world in which we live, our thinking process change drastically from birth until maturity. Piaget thought that a major influence on the way we perceive and make sense of the world, is through the process of maturation, which is the genetically programmed, naturally occurring changes over time (Wood 21). More specifically, Piaget believed that young people go through four stages as they develop: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete-operational, and formal operational (Woolfield 57). Conversely, Vygotsky did not believe there was a set stage for development. In the first stage through the exploration of motor activity, infants in the sesorimotor stage (approximately between the ages of 0-2 years) gradually work towards mastering object permanence as well as performing goal-directed activities. Object permanence is â€Å"the understanding that objects exist in an environment whether they perceive them or not (Woolfolk 30. )† For instance, if you take a certain toy away from away from a young infant, they will not acknowledge that that toy exists. Out of sight, out of mind (Woolfolk. )† On the other hand, if an older child sees a package of enticing cookies laying on the table and starts crying for one, even if the adult moves the cookies in the cabinet (clearly out of sight from the child) the child will still know that even though he physically cannot see the cookies- they still exist. The child will begin to make use of imitation, memory, and though t. An example of imitation would be a baby copying the gestures of â€Å"peek-a-boo† with an adult. The preoperational stage occurs between 2-7 years of age. Symbolic thinking gradually begins to develops. For instance, if there is not a toy phone, a child may pick up a block and pretend that that is the phone. During this stage, the child may have a difficult time seeing another person’s point of view. Their concept of space â€Å"is subjective and centered on their own body (Wood 67). † For example, during an experiment, three mountains were placed together. The children were supplied with pictures on how the mountains would look from different positions when observing. They then were asked how another person would view the model from different positions. In most cases, children in this stage are most likely to choose the mountain from the position in which they view the mountain (Wood 67). The concrete-operational stage occurs during the age of 7-11 years (Woolfield 32). The child achieves the principle of conservation during this time. A 5 year old is shown two identical glasses that are wide and short. Both are holding the same exact amount of water, and the child agrees with that notion. The experimenter then pours one of the cups of water into a taller, narrower glass. When the child is asked which glass has more water the second time around, the child declares the taller glass does, â€Å"because it goes up higher (Wood). † Piget believes the child at the concrete-operational stage would have the ability to acknowledge the difference. Also, the child at this stage developes reversible thinking, which is the ability to think from the end to the beginning (Woolfield 31). The last stage is the formal operation stage that occurs from 11 years of age to adulthood. Piaget believed that an individual during this time could become more scientific in thinking, had the ability to solve problems in a logical fashion, and developes concerns regarding social issues and identity (Woolfield 30). Piaget’s theory places action and self-directed problem solving at the heart of learning and development. Learning and development are separate entites. By acting on the world, the learner comes to discover how to control it. Development must be constructed on the basis of knowledge. On the opposite side of the spectrum, Vygotsky believe that they learning and behavior are not separate entities because learning leads development. * * * Piaget puts less emphasis on social experiences and inter-personal behavior as an crucial part of development opposed to Vygotsky. Piaget believed that since the individual construct their own understanding of the work, the child’s development first occurs on the individual level then on the social level. He believed that social facilitation may aid in development because the child is exposed to other points of views, which in return may cause him/her to re-think his individual ideas (Wood 17). However, social facilitation will only be benefital to the child if they are at the â€Å"appropriate state of readiness for change (Wood 17). † (The state of readiness is theâ€Å"stage of development† that was discussed in the previous section. ) Most likely Piaget would not pair two student together to work collaboratively if they were on different levels of development. On the contrary, Vygotsky would most likely pair two students together of different levels so that the students could co-constuct eachothers learning. In my classroom, I would adovate students of different abilities to work together. Both students would benefit in the exchange explanations and questions that each has to offer. In both perspectives, the role of the teacher is to facilitate and guide the students. Both psychologist placed a different emphasis on the importance of instruction. Vygotsky placed instruction in the heart of learning. Instruction is a mayor contribution to children’s growing consiousness and regulation of their own thought processm it prompts a shift to a higher level of cognitive activity (Berk Winsler 106). † The teacher would partake in guided participation, such as walking the students through a complicated problem. For example, if a student was still hesitant on how to solve a math problem, they may do part of the problem and remind the st udent of the proper steps to take to solve it. The teacher should allow revision from the student, offer the student feedback and ask questions. For example, if the students finishs a long division math problem- ask the student to explain what the remainder is. Vygotsky would also encourage a â€Å"think out loud† to assist in learning. For example, if I were teaching a class reading comprehension: first I would read a book aloud, then I would read the same book again only this time modeling my thought process out loud. I would elaborate on the connections I made to the text and to myself. This would demonstrate to the students the revisions and choices a learner undergoes. To scaffold learning in a classroom there are many different approaches such as clues, reminders, encouragements, and breaking down problems into steps and providing examples (Woolfield 49). On the other hand, Piaget believed that instruction can refine and improve structures that have already emerged, but it cannot lead to the development of concepts as Vygotsky believed (Berk Winsler 108). In this case, I would introduce a topic to a group of students together, then I would have them work on follow up activitites to match their learning needs. When devising lesson plans, the teacher would have to be conscious of restructing prior knowledge. To accomplish this, the teacher’s role would be to make connections to what the students already know. For instance, if I were to teach a lesson on the holocaust, if I had previously read â€Å"Number the Stars† by Louis Lowry (a journal of a girl hidden in a attic durning the holocaust), I would first discuss the book before introducing new ideas. In conclusion, Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and Len Vygotsky’s sociocultural perspective have played critical roles in educational psychology. Their framework has provided us with insightful theories regarding learning and development and ways particular concepts or cognitives skill can be taught from these standpoints. Berk, Laura Winsler, Adam(1995). Scaffolding Children’s Learning: Vygotsky and Early Childhood Education. Tharp, R. G. , Gallimore, R. (1988). Rousing minds to life: Teaching, learning, and schooling in social context. New York: Cambridge University Press. Pg 14. Wood, David. (1988). How Children Learn and Think: Second Edition. Blackwell Publishing. Woolfolk, Anita. (2007). Educational Psychology: Tenth Edition. Pearson Education. Boston.

Lindbergh essays

Lindbergh essays Lindberghs nonstop flight across the Atlantic was successful because of his knowledge, his experience, his thoroughness and his luck. Lindbergh had been a stunt pilot on the barnstorming circuit and had flown and navigated mail planes for years. So when he set out to win the twenty five thousand dollar prize offered for the first nonstop flight across the Atlantic, he knew he had enough experience to do it. Now he would have to pick the right plane. He studied all the planes available. With a lot of research and prayer he chose the Ryan Monoplane. Lindbergh had the plane modified, and personally supervised all the modifications. The planes wingspan was extended ten feet to help with take off and all around flight, and also because he might have heard the saying, wider is better. He increased the fuel capacity from fifty to four hundred and fifty gallons. This would allow him to fly the airplane for three hundred miles after he arrived in Paris. He put a two hundred-horse power, radial, air-cooled, Wright Whirlwind engine. The plane now had a top speed of one hundred thirty miles per hour. He added stronger landing gear to support the changes he had made, and he replaced the cockpit seat with a cane chair to further reduce weight. Lindbergh was twenty-five years old when he flew from Long Island, New York to Orly Airport in Paris. He navigated with a magnetic compass and a mariners sextant. He had no radio because the radios were as big as cows back then and also because there was nothing good on the radio then anyway. He brought a bottle of water and five sandwiches: two ham, two beef, and one egg with mayonnaise. After leaving Long Island, the first land Lindbergh saw was Ireland, just as he had planned. He arrived at Orly Airport in Paris after about thirty hours. After the flight Lindbergh was made a hero. Songs of bravery were written about him. One of the most popular was lucky lind ...

Using chapter 41 Essays

Using chapter 41 Essays Using chapter 41 Essay Using chapter 41 Essay How does the narrative technique convey Christophers relationship with his father and his fathers relationship with him? Select one other chapter where the narrative technique in a different way conveys Christophers relationship with another character?Mark Haddon uses a variety of narrative techniques to convey Christophers relationship with his father and his fathers relationship with him.The use of first person is vital to highlight the state of the pairs relationship. The book is portrayed from the perspective of an autistic Christopher, this is highly significant in Haddon being able to portray the state of the relationship. The double perspective highlights the extent of their relationship. The use of 1st person allows the reader to sympathise with Christopher, however more importantly the reader is able to define significant areas within the book which Christopher is unable to identify. Christopher unconsciously uses metaphors, which in this case highlights their relationship. There were clouds in the sky on the way home so I couldnt see the milky way unconsciously Christopher highlights a metaphor to suggest that his escape to the stars is being prevented. (Christopher likes being separate from society).This therefore suggests to the reader that he is forced to confront his father as to why he was taken to the police station. This in tern implies that his relationship between is father is fragmented. Likewise he is the first to speak; this suggests that is father is uncomfortable with the situation, this becomes clear retrospectively. His fathers relationship with Christopher seems loving yet fragmented. He obviously cares for Christopher by protecting him from what he feels is unforgivable. He protects Christopher from the world which in Christophers eyes seems confusing. Therefore it could be suggested that his father cares for Christopher greatly. This is achieved through the retrospective. Nevertheless Haddon deliberately uses this to show the proble ms Christopher has in relating to his own father. I could tell that he was angry because he was shouting, and I didnt want to make him angry so I didnt say anything else until we got home This sentence contradicts is self, showing Christophers confusion. They seem distant. Therefore the use of the retrospective serves to blind the reader like Christopher whilst adding drama and tension.His father lies to himself; Christopher is oblivious to the living lie which he lives each day. Just try and stay out of other peoples business this is ironic due to the fact that it is his business to know as the killing of the dog is as a result of his fathers mental anguish of his mother having an affair between Mr Shears. Therefore the reader is able to build a fragmented picture of Christopher and his father.His father uses simple action sentences to portray tension. This is passed on to Christopher. This highlights to the reader firstly that there is more than his father lets on and secondly tha t his father takes advantage of Christophers problems, such as not being able to recognise human emotions. And he said its ok He said leave it. He lies about killing the dog despite knowing that Christopher never lies. He lies about his mother.The personalities of the two characters are highlighted through the different ways they deal with situations. Christopher forgets his ordeals by playing minesweeper in expert mode, completing it within 102 seconds at 2:07am. The precise time highlights the perceptive qualities of Christopher. On the other hand his father deals with the situation by watching snooker and drinking whisky. Their relationships are therefore unlikely to be close.Chapter 11, previous to chapter 41 shows Christopher meeting the police. Christopher uses his photographic memory to record specific detail about the police which in a way highlights their own characters which seem un-stereotypical. The police women had a little hole in her tights on her left ankle and a red scratch in the middle of the holeChristopher explains that he feels safe with the police you know what they are meant to be doing however the picture Christopher unconsciously shows is that they seem autistic themselves, they are sarcastic to the serious Christopher and are unable to see that he has mental issues despite rolling back on to the grass and pushing his face into the ground whist making groaning noises. In essence Haddon uses the police as an example to show Christophers relationship with society in general.Christopher is confused by the vast number of questions they ask, he clearly states I did not kill the dog. His linear mind simply explains what happens however from the policemens perspective he seems smart and arrogant. The linear and photographic memory highlights Christophers syndrome whilst being a narrative technique.It highlights the confusing world which Aspergers sufferers face. Despite seeing the police through a stereotypical perspective (you know what the y are meant to be doing), Christopher is still wrong this confuses him further. It spaces their relationship because the police are unable to comprehend what he means.Overall Haddon uses a variety of narrative techniques such as Retrospective, 1st person, linear memory to show the relationship between Characters.

Description and Examples of Variables

Description and Examples of Variables A variable is a name for a place in the computers memory where you store some data. Imagine a very large warehouse with lots of storage bays, tables, shelves, special rooms etc. These are all places where you can store something. Lets imagine we have a crate of beer in the warehouse. Where exactly is it located? We wouldnt say that it is stored 31 2 from the west wall and 27 8 from the north wall. In programming terms we also wouldnt say that my total salary paid this year is stored in four bytes starting at location 123,476,542,732 in RAM. Data in a PC The computer will place variables in different locations each time our program is run. However, our program knows exactly where the data is located. We do this by creating a variable to refer to it and then let the compiler handle all the messy details about where it is actually located. It is far more important to us to know what type of data we will be storing in the location. In our warehouse, our crate might be in section 5 of shelf 3 in the drinks area. In the PC, the program will know exactly where its variables are located. Variables Are Temporary They exist just as long as they are needed and are then disposed of. Another analogy is that variables are like numbers in a calculator. As soon as you hit the clear or power off buttons, the display numbers are lost. How Big Is a Variable As big as is needed and no more. The smallest a variable can be is one bit and the largest is millions of bytes. Current processors handle data in chunks of 4 or 8 bytes at a time (32 and 64 bit CPUs), so the bigger the variable, the longer it will take to read or write it. The size of the variable depends on its type. What Is a Variable Type? In modern programming languages, variables are declared to be of a type. Apart from numbers, the CPU does not make any kind of distinction between the data in its memory. It treats it as a collection of bytes. Modern CPUs (apart from those in mobile phones) can usually handle both integer and floating point arithmetic in hardware. The compiler has to generate different machine code instructions for each type, so knowing what the type of variable helps it generate optimal code. What Types of Data Can a Variable Hold? The fundamental types are these four. Integers (both signed and unsigned) 1,2,4 or 8 bytes in size. Usually referred to as ints.Floating Point Numbers up to 8 bytes in size.Bytes. These are organized in 4s or 8s (32 or 64 bits) and read in and out of the CPUs registers.Text strings, up to billions of bytes in size. CPUs have special instructions for searching through large blocks of bytes in memory. This is very handy for text operations. There is also a general variable type, often used in scripting languages. Variant - This can hold any type but is slower to use. Example of Data Types Arrays of types- single dimension like drawers in a cabinet, two-dimensional like post office sorting boxes or three dimensional like a pile of beer crates. There can be any number of dimensions, up to the limits of the compiler.Enums which are a restricted subset of integers.  Read about  what is an enum is.Structs are a composite variable where several variables are lumped together in one big variable.Streams provide a way to manage files. Theyre a form of a string.Objects, are like structs but with much more sophisticated data handling. Where are Variables Stored? In memory but in different ways, depending on how they are used. Globally. All parts of the program can access and change the value. This is how older languages like Basic and Fortran used to handle data and it is not considered a good thing. Modern languages tend to discourage global storage though it is still possible.On the Heap. This is the name for the main area used. In C and C, access to this is via pointer variables.On the Stack. The stack is a block of memory that is used to store parameters passed into functions, and variables that exist local to functions. Conclusion Variables are essential to procedural programming, but it is important not to get too hung up on the underlying implementation unless you are doing systems programming or writing applications that have to run in a small amount of RAM. Our rules regarding variables: Unless you are tight on ram or have large arrays, stick with ints rather than a byte (8 bits) or short int (16 bits). Especially on 32 Bit CPUs, there is an extra delay penalty in accessing less than 32 bits.Use floats instead of doubles unless you need the precision.Avoid variants unless really necessary. They are slower.

Meaning of Different Surnames on Your Y-DNA Results

Meaning of Different Surnames on Your Y-DNA Results Even though Y-DNA follows the direct male line, matches with surnames other than your own can occur. This can be disconcerting for many until you realize that there are several possible explanations. If your Y-DNA marker results closely match an individual with a different surname, and your genealogy research does not seem to indicate a past adoption or extra-marital event in the family line (often referred to as a non-paternity event), then the match may be the result of any of the following: 1. Your Common Ancestor Lived Prior to the Establishment of Surnames The common ancestor you share with individuals of different surnames on the Y-DNA line may be many, many generations back in your family tree, prior to the establishment of hereditary surnames. This is the most likely reason for populations where a surname that passes down unchanged from generation to generation was often not adopted until a century or two ago, such as Scandinavian and Jewish populations 2.  Convergence Has Occurred Sometimes mutations can occur through many generations in completely unrelated families which result in matching haplotypes in the present time frame. Basically, with enough time and enough possible combinations of mutations, it is possible to end up with matching or closely matching Y-DNA marker results in individuals who do not share a common ancestor on the male line. Convergence is more plausible in individuals belonging to common haplogroups. 3.  A Branch of the Family Adopted a Different Surname Another common explanation for unexpected matches with different surnames is that either your or your DNA matchs branch of the family adopted a different surname at some point. A change in surname often takes place around the time of an immigration event but may have occurred at any point in your family tree for any one of a number of different reasons (i.e. children adopted the name of their step-father). The likelihood of each of these possible explanations depends, in part, on how common or rare your paternal haplogroup is (your Y-DNA matches all have the same haplogroup as you). Individuals in the very common R1b1b2 haplogroup, for example, will likely find they match many people with different surnames. These matches are likely the result of convergence, or of a common ancestor who lived prior to the adoption of surnames. If you have a more rare haplogroup such as G2, a match with a different surname (especially if there are several matches with that same surname) is much more likely to indicate a possible unknown adoption, a first husband you may not have discovered, or an extramarital event. Where Do I Go Next? When you match a man with a different surname and you are both interested in learning more about how far back your common ancestor likely lived, or whether there may be a possibility of adoption or other non-paternal events, there are several steps you can take next: Upgrade the Y-DNA test to 111 markers (or at least 67) for both you and your match. If you both match with only 1 or 2 mutations at that level then you are likely to connect within a fairly recent genealogical time frame (7th cousins or closer)Find a second person to DNA test from both your line and your matchs line. This will need to be another male relative on your direct paternal line, preferably as far back as possible on the line based on generation, not age. If both of the new men tested also match each other as well as the two original test takers, this further confirms the genealogical connection.Go through the genealogical research done on the direct male ancestors of the two matching men with a fine-tooth comb, looking for locations that each family may have had in common. Were any of their ancestors neighbors in the same county? Or perhaps attended the same church? This may help you to determine in which generation the common ancestor likely lived.

Asian Culture On Music Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Asian Culture On Music - Essay Example Asian music is also accompanied by percussion instruments such as kettledrums, frame drums and tambourines. Another common musical instrument common in Asia, especially among the Inner Asian pastoralist communities is the Choor, which is a reed or wooden end-blown flute of different lengths but of four to five holes. This instrument has different names in different cultures with Mongolians calling it Tsuur while Kazakhstanis call it Sybyzghy. The other instruments with which the Inner Asian pastoralist music is associated are Dayra (a frame drum with jingles found in Central Asia and played by both men and women and Dombra, which is a class of two-stringed, long-necked lutes, regarded Kazakhstan's national instrument. Unfortunately for Asian music culture, there has been a lot of erosion of Asian music due to globalisation, more so the westernization of Asian music, which has led to increased calls and efforts to preserve the Asian musical heritage. An example of the efforts or initiatives that seek to preserve the Asian music culture is the Aga Khan Trust established in 2000 to especially assist in preserving the musical heritage of Central Asia. This initiative referred to as the Aga Khan Music Initiative in Central Asia (AKMICA) works with other tradition and cultural heritage stakeholders throughout Asian to ensure that the region’s musical traditions are carried from one generation of artists and audiences to the next. Additionally, the initiative seeks to popularize Central Asia musical culture to other regions by sponsoring music tours and festivals besides documenting and disseminating Asia’s musical culture. This paper explores the characteristic, cultural specificity, and t he local and global significance of Asian music and its interaction with other music cultures. In addition, the effect of globalisation on Asian music is discussed with respect to Asian pop cultures such as Korean pop. The Significance of Music in the Asian Society That Asian culture is quite beautiful and luring is an undeniable fact. Of greater and unparalleled beauty and significance are the recorded and cherished Asian cultures, which are handed down from one generation to the other. These cultural aspects of Asia are not only rich with evidences of past and current cultural struggles but also show the triumphs of Asian cultures over natural forces that would otherwise erode these cultures at the slightest opportunities (Philip & Wong, 1997). Like in other regions, Asians store and chronicle their stories of struggle and triumph in music, which is in turn carried from one generation to the next. This music document and preserve the events, cultures and the feelings of the people of Asia. Thus, Asian music is more that the strumming of strings and the beating of drums that one hears when music is played. There is more to every musical culture as what one hears in Tokyo

Operations and IT Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Operations and IT Management - Research Paper Example In some context, these could result to conflicts between corporate operation managers and information technology managers. This is because global markets vary in â€Å"currencies, telecommunications, languages, laws and practices† and at such complex situation may result to conflicts and frustrations (McNamara, 2011) .It is in this context that Information Lifecycle Management  (ILM), a practice of employing policies for effective information management through its ‘useful life’, is introduced to resolve potential and escalating conflicts between operation and information managers of a company or firm (Robbins, 2006). ILM offers a Records and Information Management (RIM) for 30 years already and had its roots from information management using microfilm, negatives, photographs, audio or video recordings and other assets including video lifecycle management (Longley and Shain, 1985).

Alternative Courses of Action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Alternative Courses of Action - Essay Example An example one has gone through in gathering and evaluating information from a number of sources prior to making a decision would thereby be presented as follows: As one was pursuing a Business Management Degree from 2007 to 2011, it was deemed crucial that to assist in supporting one’s academic requirements, there is a need to find employment where one’s knowledge, abilities, and skills would be appropriately used and developed. Finding the preferred job according to one’s academic background, competencies and skills that would fit the requirements of the position is an example of a situation that necessitates gathering and evaluating different options and where ones decision would actually depend on the organizations which would relay a positive response to one’s job application. After two years of studying, one sought possible employment in fields seeking positions that do not require specific educational qualifications but where minimum criteria could be immediately met. There were positions open for Care Assistants or for Customer Service Representatives. Since these two positions were preferred, these became one’s alternative courses of action: to choose applying for a Care Assistant job or to select a Customer Service Representative Job. To gather pertinent information needed to analyze these options, one searched online sources of job descriptions, average annual income, locations of employer, the skills and educational requirements. Both positions offer basically the same salary ranges ( £15,000 per annum) but the job descriptions and responsibilities are contrasting. Care assistants focus on â€Å"provides help and support to people with limited mobility or other care needs.

American Government and Politics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

American Government and Politics - Essay Example Many writers both supporters and criticizers of the efficacy of Reagan have come up to indicate their knowledge about the president’s life, activities and thoughts. This has brought about several arguments concerning the president’s thoughts and feeling on the government organization and performance. One of the key members in this relation is Michael Deaver through his several books that he wrote (Deaver, Guide to Federal Records). Michael Keith Deaver was a historian, born in California in a place known as Bakersfield, in mid April 1938. He graduated at San Jose State University in the year 1960 after which he moved into public relations and worked with a lot of great determination and expectation. Ten years later, Ronald Reagan was employed as a governor in California. Michael Keith Deaver co -initiated a public relations company in the year 1975 popularly known as Deaver and Hannaford. The co-corporation booked Reagan’s public appearances, research and traded in his radio program, and ghostwrote his syndicated column. Alleges from Peter Dale Scott were heard claiming that,’’ all these with ambitions that Hannaford and Michael Deaver assisted systematize from outset (Deaver, Guide to Federal Records). Deaver and Hannaford in 1977 were registered with the Justice Department as alien agents getting 5000 dollars in every month from the management of Taiwan. Amigos Del Pais group in Guatemala who were friends to their country also gave them 11000 dollars every month. The principal of Amigos del Pais was known as Roberto Alejos Arzu. He was the head organizer of Guatemala’s ``Reagan for president association.... He graduated at San Jose State University in the year 1960 after which he moved into public relations and worked with a lot of great determination and expectation. Ten years later, Ronald Reagan was employed as a governor in California. Michael Keith Deaver co -initiated a public relations company in the year 1975 popularly known as Deaver and Hannaford. The co-corporation booked Reagan’s public appearances, research and traded in his radio program, and ghostwrote his syndicated column. Alleges from Peter Dale Scott were heard claiming that,’’ all these with ambitions that Hannaford and Michael Deaver assisted systematize from outset (Deaver, Guide to Federal Records). Deaver and Hannaford in 1977 were registered with the Justice Department as alien agents getting 5000 dollars in every month from the management of Taiwan. Amigos Del Pais group in Guatemala who were friends to their country also gave them 11000 dollars every month. The principal of Amigos del Pais was known as Roberto Alejos Arzu. He was the head organizer of Guatemala’s ``Reagan for president association. Azru as a CIA he permitted his farm in 1960 to be utilized for coaching Cubarn exile in favor of Bay of Pigs. Peter Dale Scott disputed that Deaver started contributing money for Ronald Reagan from groups such as Amigos del Pais from Guatemalan clients for the presidential campaign. On BBC news, it was approximated that about ten million dollars were contributed from the program. Francisco villgaran Kramer alleged that a number of members from this association were frankly connected with planned terror (Deaver, Guide to Federal Records). Hannaford and Deaver also started to get jobs from military authoritarian who desired to better its representation in